Managing the outsourcing of information security processes: the 'cloud' solution

Information security processes and systems are relevant for any organization and involve medium-to-high investment; however, the current economic downturn is causing a dramatic reduction in spending on Information Technology (IT). Cloud computing (i.e., externalization of one or more IT services) might be a solution for organizations keen to maintain a good level of security. In this paper we discuss whether cloud computing is a valid alternative to in-house security processes and systems drawing on four mini-case studies of higher education institutions in New England, US. Our findings show that the organization’s IT spending capacity affects the choice to move to the cloud; however, the perceived security of the cloud and the perceived in-house capacity to provide high quality IT (and security) services moderate this relationship. Moreover, other variables such as (low) quality of technical support, relatively incomplete contracts, poor defined Service License Agreements (SLA), and ambiguities over data ownership affect the choice to outsource IT (and security) using the cloud. We suggest that, while cloud computing could be a useful means of IT outsourcing, there needs to be a number of changes and improvements to how the service is currently delivered

Managing Loose Coupling in the Implementation of Large-Scale ERP

This paper presents a case study of implementation of a complex ERP by a worldwide company withheadquarters in the US (Iris Co). Organizational units are represented as systems which interact inthe process of technology appropriation. We study the interactions between the implementation oflarge-scale IS and management of the tradeoff between non-coupled vs. tightly coupled systems. Wefocus on the process and the dialectic of loosely coupled systems as a way to balance efficiency andflexibility when organizations are required to achieve efficiency through centralization and control atthe expense of autonomy and flexibility. Our findings highlight the importance of developing learningskill for achieving this balance

Organizational Learning and Absorptive Capacity in Managing ERP Implementation Projects

In this paper we focus on large-scale IS implementation using the lens of absorptive capacity. Our case study concentrates on the double loop learning process that occurs over the implementation phase of ERP which we depict as a series of learning cycles. From this perspective, ERP implementation is best viewed not as a one-time process but rather as a series of implementation and practical use cycles. Our results highlight that the learning process requires the accumulation of knowledge, a long-term perspective, and phases of explorative and exploitative learning that overlap. This learning process requires a) the development of specific organizational capabilities which allow organizational actors to “accept” and assimilate external knowledge, b) the understanding that such capabilities should be developed over time, and c) the capacity to explore and exploit knowledge simultaneously. Suggestions are provided for future field research on absorptive capacity in the realm of the qualitative research

Have Your Cake and Eat it Too? Managing Knowledge in Hybrid Agile-Traditional Development Projects

This research examines how knowledge management elements of systems development projects are adapted to correspond with the increasing use of agile practices. Using a single, longitudinal case study, we draw on interview data from an initial CRM implementation that used a traditional approach, followed by a second project phase employing a hybrid agile-traditional approach. Oriented using the concept of ambidexterity, our findings suggest that some knowledge management elements remained traditional, others became strongly agile, and some integrated both approaches together in a hybrid manner. Our study aids practitioners by providing insights into the opportunities and pitfalls of managing knowledge within hybrid development projects. For researchers, this paper applies the concept of ambidexterity in an agile development context as it relates to knowledge management. Our findings extend the literature on the incremental trade-offs that companies face when attempting to simultaneously explore and exploit two development approaches

Researching Big Data Research: Ethical Implications for IS Scholars

This ERF (Emerging Research Forum) paper focuses on the ethical implications of IS academic big data research. We explore how big data research raises concerns about privacy, human subjects protection and research integrity that are not yet adequately addressed by law, regulation, or the norms of acceptable research conduct. The objective is to increase awareness and promote constructive debate, with the ultimate goal of developing consensus in the field about appropriate research data use practices

Interpreting Information Systems: ERP Implementation under the Lens of Absorptive Capacity

La tesi si focalizza sull'implementazione di un sistema ERP in una organizzazione multinazionale con headquarters in Massachusetts, USA. Il metodo e' case study e l'approccio e' di tipo interpretativo. Sono studiati i processi di apprendimento (learning) di utenti e management che hanno permesso lo sviluppo di absorptive capacity. I risultati sottolineano l'importanza di processi di apprendimento di tipo "double loop". E' proposta una riconcettualizzazione del costrutto "absorptive capacity" ispirato all'originario framework di Cohen e Levinthal (1990)che rappresenta un modello di sintesi.The dissertation concentrates on ERP implementation in a worldwide organization with headquarters in Massachusetts, USA. The method used is the case study and the approach is interpretive. The research points to learning processes which underpin the development of absorptive capacity. The findings highlight that double-loop learning is necessary to develop absorptive capacity. A reconceptualized model of absorptive capacity is provided based on the original construct of Cohen and Levinthal (1990)

Knowledge sharing and health-care coordination : the role of creation and use brokers

This paper arises from research that examined a health-care coordination improvement initiative that was focused on increasing knowledge sharing among a network of health-care workers involved in the care of children with complex medical needs. Part of this initiative involved a summary medical note (the Single Point of Care (SPOC)) that was paper-based and carried by parents between the specialists involved in their child’s care. The SPOC’s effectiveness is discussed through a knowledge-as-practice perspective, which focuses on the role of mediators (both material and human). Our analysis demonstrates that the SPOC’s effectiveness can be understood by looking at the combined roles of boundary objects and human brokers. We identify two distinct broker roles: creation brokers and use brokers. In discussing our case, we extend our analysis to suggest how these broker roles may also be useful in thinking about how to improve the effectiveness of (electronic) health record systems more generally – for researchers as well as for practitioners

Algorithm Sensemaking: How Platform Workers Make Sense of Algorithmic Management

Algorithmic management can create work environment tensions that are detrimental to workplace well-being and productivity. One specific type of tension originates from the fact that algorithms often exhibit limited transparency and are perceived as highly opaque, which impedes workers’ understanding of their inner workings. While algorithmic transparency can facilitate sensemaking, the algorithm’s opaqueness may aggravate sensemaking. By conducting an empirical case study in the context of the Uber platform, we explore how platform workers make sense of the algorithms managing them. Drawing on Weick’s enactment theory, we theorize a new form of sensemaking— algorithm sensemaking—and unpack its three sub-elements: (1) focused enactment, (2) selection modes, and (3) retention sources. The sophisticated, multistep process of algorithm sensemaking allows platform workers to keep up with algorithmic instructions systematically. We add to previous literature by theorizing algorithm sensemaking as a mediator linking workers’ perceptions about tensions in their work environment and their behavioral responses

Determinants of Mobile Broadband Affordability: A Cross-National Comparison

There is little understanding of what determines mobile broadband affordability in different countries. We address this problem by exploring to what extent policy, regulation, government, and governance affect mobile broadband affordability. Our results show that when controlling for wealth, education and other factors, competition to provide mobile services, financial investment in information and communication technologies (ICTs), and income inequality are all important variables in determining mobile broadband affordability. Our findings related to financial investment suggest that service providers and other stakeholders are still recouping the cost of deploying the infrastructure necessary to provide mobile services, and have not yet achieved the economy of scale required for the price of mobile broadband to begin to fall. Although policy initiatives and income inequality are important determinants of mobile broadband affordability, we find no evidence that political structure and processes (e.g., the level of democracy), telecommunications regulation, or public-sector governance matter